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Elements and Performance Criteria

  1. Confirm stack sampling/testing requirements with supervisor
  2. Assist with site liaison
  3. Prepare for stack sampling/testing
  4. Assist with site inspection and preliminary tests
  5. Conduct sampling and in-situ tests
  6. Finalise stack sampling/testing
  7. Process and interpret data
  8. Maintain a safe work environment

Range Statement

This field allows for different work environments and conditions that may affect performance. Essential operating conditions that may be present (depending on the work situation, needs of the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts) are included.

Legislation, regulations, standards, codes, workplace procedures and requirements include the latest version of one or more of:

federal legislation, such as the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act, and National Environmental Protection Measures

state/territory government legislation and local government by-laws, policies, regulations and plans dealing with land use, acquisition, planning and protection; environmental protection, pollution and contaminated sites

legislation, standards and codes of practice for work health and safety (WHS)

Australian and international standards covering environmental management (e.g. AS ISO14000 Basic Set:2007 Environmental Management Basic Set and AS ISO14050 Environmental management - Vocabulary); stationary source emissions (e.g. AS 4323 Stationary source emissions series and ISO 10780 Stationary source emissions); and safe work platforms and services (e.g. AS 1657-2013 Fixed platforms, walkways, stairways and ladders - Design, construction and installation)

test methods for moisture content of stack gases and stationary source NOx emissions, such as US Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) Method 4 and Method 7E

registration/licensing and/or accreditation requirements

industry guidelines and manuals, such as National Environment Protection Measure (NEPM) (Ambient Air Quality); air quality standards, statutory environmental quality concentration limits

site plans, maps and specifications; methods and procedures for air sampling and testing to meet workplace, client and/or regulatory/certifying body requirements

workplace documents, such as standard operating procedures (SOPs); work schedules; recording and reporting procedures; equipment manuals and warranties; supplier catalogue and handbooks; field notebooks or log books; emergency and safety procedures, safety data sheets (SDS); waste minimisation, containment, processing and safe disposal procedures.

Information about site, industrial activities and emissions include one or more of:

location of site and nearby buildings, topography and meteorological records

complaints, previous stack testing at site or odour assessments in nearby locations

industrial process inputs/outputs, process flowchart, unit operations, batch, cyclic or continuous operation, predictable variations in process conditions, production rates and period of operation

air emission control systems, such as scrubbers, bag filters, stacks and bio filters

parameters of emission sources, such as location, geometry, release parameters and weather interaction

previous emissions data, such as:

velocity and temperature of pollutant concentration

moisture content

expected gas composition and likely interfering compounds

high vacuum, high pressure and high temperature gas streams

corrosive or very reactive components.

Air pollutants include one or more of:

inorganic gases, such as:

CO and CO2, NOx, and SOx

acid gases

H2S, HCl

ozone

chlorine, fluorine and fluorides

volatile organic liquids and compounds

particulates, such as:

deposited matter

suspended matter (PM10, PM2.5, and PM1)

particulate fluorides

heavy metals.

Stack tests include one or more of:

measurement of temperature, pressure, velocity and volume flowrate of gas streams

gas analysis for determination of molecular weight

determination of moisture content

determination of particulate matter

determination of concentration of specific gases in emissions (e.g. O2, CO2, SO2, NO and NO2).

Hazards include one or more of:

working on elevated platforms

exposure to toxic, corrosive or hot gases

electrical hazards

trip hazards from cables

noise or heat from plant equipment

objects falling from the work platform or into the duct/stack

flammability hazards.

Safety procedures include one or more of:

preparation/approval of site health and safety plan for sampling/testing, and safe work permits/approvals

use of safe work method statements, site safety induction, risk cards, ‘step back’ and safety checks

use of safety harness and personal protective equipment (PPE), such as boots, gloves, safety glasses and overalls; two-way radio and mobile phone

ensuring two persons are present

monitoring of atmosphere for hazardous gases

working upwind of known contaminants

prohibition of eating, drinking and smoking

separation of heavy equipment into smaller units/cases for transport

testing and earthing of electrical services, generators, trip out devices and connectors

shielding of hot surfaces and exhausts

careful handling of glass containers

reporting procedures for safety problems

regular medical checks.

Stack sampling and testing equipment include one or more of:

sampling train with in-stack or out-stack collector and components, such as:

sampling nozzles

probe tubes (e.g. glass and stainless steel)

filters, impingers and desiccators for transport of dry filters

flexible bags (e.g. Tedlar, Mylar and Teflon)

particulate matter collectors, accessories (e.g. cyclones and filter bags)

pre-prepared sample containers (e.g. Dioxin and furans), transport containers, eskies and ice

instruments to measure static and differential pressure (e.g. manometer and barometer)

sampling flow rate control devices

pumps

sampling flow meters

water removal device (e.g. condenser and silica gel)

temperature sensors in stack, duct and gas meters

gas velocity instruments (e.g. pitot tube)

heating/cooling elements to prevent condensation of probe tube or collectors

gas analysers (e.g. NOx, CO, CO2, O2 and N2) with components, such as:

sample gas manifolds

analyte specific, dual range and low concentration analysers

data recorder, data logger and/or computer for real-time analysis

reagents and standards (e.g. calibration gases, converter efficiency gases, interference checks and demineralised water)

sample lines, hoses, ropes, bags and winches

electrical extension cords

calibrated rod for measuring stack dimensions

balance, timers and digital camera

tools and spare access hole plugs

cherry picker.

Sampling/measurement system performance tests include one or more of:

detecting and rectifying leaks (or reducing them to acceptable levels)

analyser 2 or 3 point calibration tests

NO2 to NO conversion efficiency checks

system bias checks

system response time check

interference checks

post-run system bias and zero/span drift checks

quality control (QC) runs.

WHS and environmental management requirements include:

compliance with relevant federal/state/territory WHS legislation at all times

assuming that samples are potentially hazardous and applying standard precautions

accessing and applying current industry understanding of infection control issued by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) and state/territory Departments of Health, where relevant.


Performance Evidence

Evidence of competence in this unit must satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria, and include demonstration of:

planning and safely conducting stack sampling/testing to obtain reliable samples and data on at least two (2) occasions

planning for field activities, including researching and summarising site history and operations, analysing existing emissions data and/or reports, and identifying gases of interest

interpreting and applying relevant air quality regulatory requirements, stack sampling/monitoring plans, sampling/test methods and standards, and workplace procedures

selecting sampling/analyser train configurations to suit type and likely concentration of particulate matter, plant/stack conditions and/or gases of interest, and client or workplace requirements, relevant standards and guidelines

recognising hazards and assessing risks, interpreting and applying health and safety plans and safe work methods, including use of designated safety equipment and personal protective equipment (PPE)

preparing for field activities, including arranging access to the site, stack and services; arranging induction and permits; conducting reconnaissance; reviewing safety requirements and securing the resources required; and scheduling stack sampling/testing

communicating effectively with site personnel and negotiating access and support

selecting and checking that all supplies, equipment and instruments are fit for purpose, and stowing/transporting them to and from the field

collecting reliable samples in accordance with site sampling plan/methods and paying close attention to any pre-treatment, container, preservation, storage, labelling and traceability requirements

operating, maintaining and/or calibrating stack sampling and testing equipment with close attention to each method step to obtain representative stack samples and produce consistently valid and accurate test results

identifying and rectifying basic instrument faults

accurately recording measurements, site features and environmental conditions, and any observations that may impact on validity/integrity of samples or test results

calculating required quantities using appropriate units, precision, uncertainties and/or calibration graphs

interpreting gross features/trends in data, identifying atypical results and/or comparing results with established air quality standards and/or statutory environmental quality concentration limits

seeking advice when issues/problems are beyond scope of competence/responsibility

maintaining, cleaning and decontaminating sampling, testing and/or PPE in accordance with workplace procedures

writing/compiling concise and accurate reports in accordance with workplace procedures

working safely and follow relevant legislative requirements for the disposal of waste and the preservation of the environment.


Knowledge Evidence

Must provide evidence that demonstrates knowledge of:

scientific terminology used in job role covering atmospheric science, sampling and testing of stationary source emissions

overview of specific legislation, policies, standards and codes of practice related to air quality/pollution and monitoring of stationary source emissions

properties of air pollutants, such as:

particulates (e.g. inorganics and organics, and metals)

inorganic gases (e.g. CO, CO2, NOx, SOx, ammonia, acid rain and halogens)

volatile organics

localised meteorology and dispersion of air pollutants

ideal gas behaviour, principles of fluid flow through ducts, and effects of bends and orifices

principles of stationary source emissions sampling (particles, common gases and compounds) and associated sampling equipment

stack dimensions, source parameters and the selection of sampling planes, number and location of sampling points

isokinetic conditions, and effect of fluctuations in source parameters on results

principles of emission monitoring (particles and common gases) and associated analysers

function of key components, operating principles of common stack sampling/analyser trains

common procedure/equipment problems leading to atypical data/results

common process problems leading to atypical test results (e.g. high oxygen readings may indicate a hole in the stack)

labelling and traceability of samples and management of large volumes of data

hazards, health, safety and environment requirements relevant to site activities undertaken, including safe work methods and equipment, requirements for safe work platforms and services, use of PPE and handling of waste.